progressive web app

A progressive web app, usually abbreviated to PWA, is built with web technologies and accessed through a browser. The same application can work across different devices. On supported devices, users can install it so it opens in a separate window and has its own home screen icon, for example.

How does a PWA work?

A web app manifest gives the browser information such as the application's name, icons and how it should open after installation. The application must be served over a secure HTTPS connection to be installable.

Many PWAs also use a service worker: a script that can handle requests in the background and temporarily store files. This lets the application display previously loaded parts when the connection is slow or unavailable. Features such as push notificationsGlossary · In briefpush notificationA push notification is a short message an app or website sends to a user's device, even when that app or website is not open.Read more are also possible under certain conditions. Support varies by browser and operating system.

How it differs from a native app

A native app is usually built for a particular mobile operating system and distributed through an app store. A PWA uses one web codebase and can be opened or installed directly from a browser. It is not automatically suitable for every mobile workflow: access to device features and background behaviour may be more limited than in a native app.

Responsive designGlossary · In briefresponsive designResponsive design is an approach in which a website or web application adapts its layout and controls to the available screen space and device.Read more alone does not make a website a PWA. It adjusts the presentation to the screen. An installable PWA also needs metadata and a secure connection; offline use additionally requires deliberate handling of storage and network requests.